Mental Health Technician Certification (AMCA) Practice Test

What psychological defense mechanism is used to cope with the painful feelings associated with illness and hospitalization?

1. Projection

2. Denial

3. Rationalization

4. Regression

The correct answer is: Denial

Denial is a psychological defense mechanism where an individual refuses to accept reality or facts, effectively minimizing emotional distress. In the context of illness and hospitalization, denial can manifest as a patient ignoring the seriousness of their health condition or refusing to acknowledge the need for treatment. This mechanism serves as a way for individuals to protect themselves from overwhelming feelings of fear, anxiety, and sadness that can accompany significant medical events. By denying the situation, a person can momentarily shield themselves from the reality of their experiences, making it easier to cope with the stress involved. In contrast, projection involves attributing one's own unwanted feelings or thoughts to others, which is less relevant when directly confronting the personal experience of illness. Rationalization refers to justifying irrational behavior or feelings with logical explanations, which, while somewhat protective, does not specifically relate to coping with the raw feelings of illness. Regression is a response where an individual reverts to behaviors characteristic of an earlier developmental stage, but this does not directly address the denial of illness. Denial remains the primary mechanism through which individuals manage the emotional turmoil that accompanies health crises.